Polymers play an important role in making our lives simpler and more pleasant. Biopolymers synthesised by living organisms are also of great importance for nearly all functions of living organisms (energy management, reproduction, etc.).
In addition to naturally occurring polymers such as natural rubber or proteins, which serve as the basis for hair or silk, there is a multitude of synthetically manufactured macromolecules. These include homopolymers, such as polyethylene/PE, polypropylen/PP and polystyrene/PS or complexly structured co- and terpolymers such as polymerblends. Today's options for the systematic synthesising of macromolecules and thus creation of tailor-made properties is almost infinite.
JEOL offers you a multitude of different and powerful solutions that can be used for the structural and chemical characterisation of polymers.
Due to their unique properties, nanoparticles are becoming increasingly important in industry as well as university research. Their chemical and physical properties depend heavily on their size, shape and composition. With the high-performance instruments from JEOL, these properties can be reliably analysed, even down to the sub-nanometer range.
Electron microscope image of an iron oxide nanoparticle
Source data: JEOL (Germany) GmbH, Bielefeld University, Dr. Ennen / Applied Research Paper F200
Due to their unique properties, nanoparticles are becoming increasingly important in industry as well as university research. Their chemical and physical properties depend heavily on their size, shape and composition. With the high-performance instruments from JEOL, these properties can be reliably analysed, even down to the sub-nanometer range.
Element core-shell nanoparticle. The inner gold core (red) is covered by a 0.6 mm thin palladium layer (green).
Source data: JEOL Ltd. / GrandARM presentation
As a mass-produced product, it is possible to manufacture paper cost effectively if the ratio of fibres and filler material is optimised without the changing the mechanical and printing properties. In this respect it is important to examine the distribution of fibre and filler material in the paper both during the paper development and production. The exceptionally robust analytic systems from JEOL can be used during challenging routine operation for artifact-free preparation, as well as for the precise morphological and chemical characterisation of cellulose.
Facing cut through a sheet of paper
Source data: JEOL (Germany) GmbH
The surface of lotus leaves can serve as a model for self-cleaning surfaces. The exact characterisation of these surfaces is vital in order to be able to recreate them. The surface of lotus leaves comprises small wax tubes that can be easily destroyed during examination with an electron beam. JEOL therefore offers tailor-made solutions that thermally stabilise the samples in a controlled manner and thus prevent them from being destroyed by the observation.
Surface of a lotus petal. The wax tubes have a diameter of approx. 50 nm
Source data: JEOL (Germany) GmbH
Modern paintwork is usually a multi-layer system. In the case of macroscopically visible paint defects, it is very important to be able to determine the layer in which the cause of the defect lies. JEOL preparation systems enable the simple and reproducible production of artifact-free cross-sections.
Cross-section of a painted metal surface. The diameter of the inclusion is approx. 10 µm.
Source data: JEOL Ltd., CP brochure
Fibres are used in many branches of industry, e.g. in textile processing or as a structural material in mechanical engineering. Their structural properties can be studied by means of a fibre cross-section, for example. JEOL supplies an established and powerful complete solution for simple, artifact-free preparation and high-resolution imaging and analytics.
SEM image of a cross-section through a fibre bundle
Source data: JEOL Ltd., Ion Slicer brochure
To achieve the high-resolution imaging and analytics of biological samples, it is often necessary to examine the sample in its native state. Thanks to the patented JEOL Aqua Cover, it is even possible to image moist or hydrated samples in a scanning electron microscope at low pressure.
Image of a water droplet on the surface of a rose petal
Source data: JEOL Ltd. (Aqua Cover presentation)
Many of today's material systems are being functionalised. Tailor-made properties, such as abrasion resistance, colour or chemical resistance, are achieved by forming multi-layer systems on substrates. The systems manufactured by JEOL simplify the examination of these coating systems. JEOL supplies complete solutions from artifact-free preparation to automated and reproducible extraction of relevant parameters such as layer thickness or roughness.
Coating system on a metallic substrate
Source data: JEOL (Germany) GmbH
More and more frequently, innovative materials are being tailor-made to their areas of application. Such precise modifications frequently occur even down to the nanoscale. Characterising such sensitive surfaces places the highest of demands on the imaging device. The high-resolution scanning electron microscopes from JEOL routinely operate within this threshold range.
Surface image of a zeolite compound
Source: JEOL Ltd.